
Make no mistake. I went for total effect here. Just happens to make sense as well catch one’s attention. If you don’t ‘get it’, it’s quite simple. Ted ‘Bundy’, clearly the PSYCHOPATH, on South ‘Bundy’, the infamous promenade, site of the Simpson/Goldman slaughter as a catchy intro to a very grim juxtaposition I intend to discuss. Why? Well, is Ted Bundy a Sociopath or Psychopath? And OJ? It’s clear Bundy’s the Psychopath. Why? You’ll see, if you are interested. It bothers me when these terms are used interchangeably. And it’s quite common. Although there are some that say they are identical terms, to which I personally and intensely disagree. Most likely you could care less. Understandably. But as hard as I may attempt at writing an expose on, let’s say…. The North Fork’s Hidden Gems….I cannot and my mind wanders to the darker side of life. Well, hopefully you’re not spending most of your summer glued to Court TV, any/every channel hinting of a crime narrative and podcasts that delve into the underbelly of crime. I delight seeing docs about Epstein, Ghislaine (LOVE that name), Manson, Dahmer, Trump,Gein, Durst…okay! You get it. We’ve discussed this. So, let’s get to it.
I do believe that psychopaths are born and sociopaths are made. Virtually, the difference indicates the nature versus nurture issue. There’s a particularly interesting link between serial killers and psychopaths or sociopaths—although, of course, not all psychopaths and sociopaths become serial killers. And not all serial killers are psychopaths or sociopaths. This are all basic beliefs agreed by most studies.

These terms are most often used to describe someone that is considered to be without a conscience or lacking the tools in developing one. Their annotation surrounds their approach to violence, anger, hatred, and emotionlessness. We hear these terms bandied about on television, books and in the media, but I think very few of us know the difference between the two, and, in fact use them incorrectly and interchangeably. However, it is importantant to note that BOTH disorders are classified under the diagnosis of ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER.
The truth is, there continues to be a lack of specific and unambiguous definitions for either condition and continue to be (though decreasingly) used reciprocally.
Firstly, psychopathy and sociopathy are distinct societal labels applied to the diagnosis of Antisocial Personality Disorder. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 5) classifies all ten personality disorders into three clusters (A, B, and C). Antisocial personality disorder falls into 1 of 4 cluster-B disorders, which also includes borderline, narcissistic, and histrionic. All of these disorders characteristically present with dramatic, emotional, and unpredictable interactions with others. Antisocial personality disorder is the only personality disorder that is not diagnosable in childhood. Before the age of 18, the patient must have been previously diagnosed with conduct disorder (CD) by the age of 15 years In short, ASP is a mental condition in which a person has a long-standing behavioral pattern of manipulating, exploiting, or violating the rights of others without any guilt, compassion nor shame. These behaviors cause problems in relationships or at work and is often criminal. Up to 3 percent of the population may qualify for a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder. ASP is more common among males and common among substance abusers and the criminal population.

In the book The Sociopath’s Playbook: The Quintessential Guide to Navigating the Sociopathically Adjusted Playing Field, Paul Conlon quotes the Merriam-Webster Dictionary definition of a sociopath: “someone who behaves in a dangerous or violent way towards other people and does not feel guilty about such behavior.” Meanwhile, Mr Conlon goes on to define a psychopath as: “a person who is mentally ill, who does not care about other people, and who is usually dangerous or violent…” While sociopathy can only be diagnosed at the age of 18 or above, we may see some of the following traits earlier: law violations, pervasive lying, aggression, impulsivity, lack of judgement, irresponsibility and lack of remorse.
Researchers tend to believe that sociopathy is the result of environmental factors, such as growing up in a physically and/or emotionally abusive home which then caused irreparable trauma. It is thought that sociopaths display more impulsive and erratic behaviors than their psychopath counterparts. They may have difficulties in forming attachments to others, yet some sociopaths may be able to form a bond with a like-minded group or person. Unlike psychopaths, sociopaths are unable to secure long-term jobs nor have the ability to present much of a normal family life to the outside world. When a sociopath engages in criminal behavior, they do so impulsively with poor judgment and may easily become agitated and angered, resulting in interactions with law enforcement. Because sociopaths are normally less emotionally stable their behaviors can be more erratic, so that when committing crimes – either violent or non-violent – sociopaths will act more on compulsion and lack patience. This, in turn most likely results in dangerous and overt erratic behaviors.

Researchers in this field generally believe that psychopaths tend to be born, a genetic predisposition, while sociopaths tend to be made by their environment. Yet this is not to say that psychopaths are free from any kind of childhood abuse. Psychopathy is thought to be affiliated with physiological brain differences, as research has demonstrated that psychopaths may have defective brain components, those commonly in charge of emotional and impulse control.
Psychopathy is often considered a more critical form of sociopathy – with more symptoms. Therefore, all psychopaths are sociopaths but sociopaths are not necessarily psychopaths. Psychopaths, on the other hand, blueprint their crimes with great calculation carefully avoiding risks to evade detection. Psychopaths don’t get carried away in the moment and make fewer mistakes as a result. Some traits include a lack of remorse (guilt), lack of empathy, narcissism and the lack of emotional attachments. They can be charming, dishonest and exhibit risky behaviors. They have a difficulty forming genuine attachments with others, thus forming shallow relationships that can be manipulated for self profit. Others are regarded as pawns for self advantage. Psychopaths very rarely feel guilt for any of their malevolence no matter how much they may have hurt or damaged others.

However, psychopaths can often be seen by others as being charming and can hold a steady, normal job. They are smart. Manipulative. Risk takers with a plan. Some even have families or in a relationships with a partner. They are seen as educated and well spoken while not necessarily having attended higher education, as they may also have learned a great deal on their own.
So… what does this tell us? It clearly makes a point of describing some main distinctions between the two. And now I’ve earned my fun. Let’s get personal: Theodore Bundy. A prolific serial killer credited for the deaths of AT LEAST 40 women. A classic example of a psychopath and for good reason. He easily displays the traits: smart, cunning, charismatic. He clearly knew right from wrong. Mr Bundy was educated and led a somewhat normal life with a woman he professed to love and was able to earn a decent wage. He was charming and articulate. And… highly manipulative. A shrewd risk taker who covered his tracks wisely. He just didn’t think the rules applied to him. He also didn’t display guilt or remorse for any of his actions. However it was just this cocky behavior that got him finally apprehended. And, ended up paying dearly for his crimes…

And the sociopaths? I actually considered several candidates to consider. Some may be familiar. We ALL know of many, but do not necessarily relegate them to sociopathy. Bernie Madoff, DeeDee Blanchard, Michael Milkin, Joey Buttafuoco, Joe Exotic, Elizabeth Holmes. And one in particular… not surprisingly someone I may have mentioned before…
For Mary Trump, niece of Donald Trump, and a distinguished mental health professional, writes about his childhood, which she was able to witness personally. Now as discussed earlier, it is hypothesized that the sociopath is primarily ‘made’. That is, the environment is considered as MORE responsible for the pathology. In her book “Too Much and Never Enough: How My Family Created the World’s Most Dangerous Man”, she gives us insight into Trump’s childhood and family culture, linking them to his behavior today. She describes a ‘nightmare’ of a childhood where Mr Trump’s ‘basic emotional needs were reportedly not provided for during sensitive periods’. She goes on to describe him as an aggressive child, willful and difficult to control. You need not be a mental health professional… NOR A DEMOCRAT…to see traits described previously as pertaining to the sociopath and Mr Trump. Characteristics such as feelings of superiority, grandiosity, exaggeration of talents/abilities, not recognizing the feelings of others, taking advantage of others, disdain for the ‘inferior’, cheating, tough/unemotional demeanor, deceitfulness, disregard for safety of others, aggressiveness, lack of remorse… and so on.

Lance Dodes, M.D., reminds us of the characteristics of the antisocial personality disorder as it pertains to sociopathy and as I briefly noted earlier. He speaks to its various descriptions, which include callous, bullying, dehumanizing, sadistic, unempathic, predatory, devaluing and immoral behavior. Sociopaths project their feelings onto others and are seen as aggressive and possibly dangerous. Sociopaths exhibit a dimming of reality and assailing others with turbulent outbursts. People are categorized strictly as good or bad. Friends or enemies. Absolute loyalty is expected and rewarded by landing in the “good” category. Does any of this ring true of our former President? I rest my case. Although there is currently no cure for sociopathy nor for psychopathy. The causes are constantly being studied and revised. As noted, researchers have found that genetics may explains only half the reason why sociopaths are created. Environment and upbringing seem to explain the other half.
The advice of experts on how to deal with sociopathic and psychopathic personalities is nearly unanimous and clear. That is, to remove yourself from their seduction. Although impossible to live in a cocoon, you now may be better informed in how to protect yourself, your psyche as well as your resources from the snares of such persons. If you think you will change this type of person, you are probably kidding yourself. Psychologists and Psychiatrists alike speak of the futility of treating these individuals. Medications are ineffective in most cases. Parents need to best learn setting boundaries that are appropriate and consistent, as well as diligently work with professionals in child rearing strategies.

In the end, does the distinction between a psychopath and sociopath matter? They can both be dangerous, even deadly, and both pathologies wreak havoc on other people’s lives. The main question people ask in regard to this discussion and the one question I find most troubling is…Do the sociopath and psychopath have a conscience? For me, in doing this research and having worked in the field for many years, I can say with confidence that despite some of the bad information out there about them, sociopaths can be capable of feeling badly for their actions, and they DO have a conscience. For they have reduced access to emotional control, and some emotional cues are muted, yet they often struggle with guilt and negative feelings about their actions. Are they aware enough of their circumstances to know that they need to enact greater behavioral control, and then find a way to do so. It can be a real fight, but there are certainly sociopaths that make this happen.
The psychopath lacks what we consider a conscience and, as such, are not governed with the usual moral, legal, or philosophical prohibitions to behaviors that meet their own needs, regardless of the impact on others. These people can be manipulative, chaotic, and, at times, dangerous. If he lies to you so he can steal your money, he won’t feel any moral qualms, though he may pretend to. He may observe others and then act the way they do so he’s not “found out”. A psychopath does not have a guilty feeling and can’t distinguish what is right/wrong or ethical. Consequently , they don’t feel remorse for any damage they have committed.

In conclusion, is it not important to us, or more so to me, to recognize the hidden suffering, loneliness, and lack of self-esteem as risk factors for violent, criminal behavior in both these pathologies? Reading the statements of criminal psychopaths and sociopaths can shed light on their striking and specific vulnerability and emotional pain. As with other mental disabilities such as bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, these individuals have difficulty controlling or changing their behaviors. And to make it more debilitating, medications are ineffective. Perhaps increased experimental psychopharmacotherapy, neurofeedback, and combined psychotherapy research is needed to prevent and treat these psychopathic and sociopathic behavior so dangerous and prevalent in our society today. PLEASEREADTHIS 🗽














































